VITEE CHEMISTRY Syllabus
Atomic Structure:
Bohr's atomic model – Sommerfeld's extension of atomic structure; Electronic configuration and Quantum numbers; Shapes of s, p, d, f orbital's – Pauli's exclusion principle – Hund's Rule of maximum multiplicity – Aufbau principle – Emission spectrum, absorption spectrum, line spectra and band spectra; Hydrogen spectrum – Lyman, Balmer, Pashen, Bracket and Pfund series; debroglie's theory; Heisenberg's uncertainty principle – wave nature of electron – Schrodinger wave equation (No derivation). Eigen values and Eigen functions. Hybridization of atomic orbital's involving s, p, and d orbital's.
p, d, and f – Block Elements:
p Block elements – Phosphorous compounds; PCl3, PCl5, Oxides. Hydrogen halides, Inter halogen compounds. Xenon fluoride compounds. General Characteristics of d-block elements – Electronic Configuration – Oxidation states of first row transition elements and their colors. Occurrence and principles of extraction: Copper, Silver, Gold and Zinc. Preparation, properties of CuSO4, AgNO3 and K2Cr2O7.
Lanthanides – Introduction, electronic configuration, general characteristics, oxidation state – lanthanide contraction, uses, brief comparison of Lanthanides and Actinides. Nuclear energy.
Coordination Chemistry and Solid State chemistry:
Introduction – Terminology in coordination chemistry – IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, Isomerism – Geometrical isomerism in 4-coordinate, 6-coordinate complexes. Theories on coordination compounds – Werner's theory (brief), Valence Bond theory. Uses of coordination compounds. Bioinorganic compounds (Hemoglobin and Chlorophyll).
Lattice – unit cell, systems, types of crystals, packing in solids; Ionic crystals – Imperfections in solids – point defects. X-Ray diffraction – Electrical Property, Amorphous solids (elementary ideas only).
Thermodynamics, Chemical Equilibrium and Chemical Kinetics:
I and II law of thermodynamics – Spontaneous and non spontaneous processes, entropy, Gibb's free energy – Free energy change and chemical equilibrium – significance of entropy. Law of mass action – Le Chatlier's principle, applications of chemical equilibrium. Rate expression, order and molecularity of reactions, zero order, first order and pseudo first order reaction – half life period. Determination of rate constant and order of reaction – Temperature dependence of rate constant – Arrhenius equation, activation energy.
Electrochemistry:
Theory of electrical conductance; metallic and electrolytic conductance. Faraday's laws – theory of strong electrolytes – Specific resistance, specific conductance, equivalent and molar conductance – Variation of conductance with dilution – Kohlraush's law – Ionic product of water, pH and pOH – buffer solutions – use of pH values. Cells – Electrodes and electrode potentials – construction of cell, EMF values, Fuel cells, Corrosion and its prevention (Basics only).
Isomerism in Organic Compounds:
Definition, Classification – structural isomerism, stereo isomerism – geometrical and optical isomerism. Optical activity – chirality – compounds containing chiral centers' – R-S notation, D-L notation.
Alcohols and Ethers:
Nomenclature of alcohols – Classification of alcohols – distinction between 1°, 2° and 3° alcohols – General methods of preparation of primary alcohols, properties. Methods of preparation of dihydric alcohols: Glycol – Properties – Uses, Methods of preparation of trihydric alcohols – Properties – uses. Aromatic alcohols – Preparation and properties of phenols and benzyl alcohol.
Ethers – Nomenclature of ethers – general methods of preparation of aliphatic ethers – Properties – Uses. Aromatic ethers – Preparation of anisole – Uses.
Carbonyl Compounds:
Nomenclature of carbonyl; compounds – Comparison of aldehydes and ketones. General methods of preparation of aldehydes – Properties – Uses. Aromatic aldehydes – Preparation of benzaldehyde – Properties and uses. Ketones – general methods of preparation of aliphatic ketones (acetone) – Properties – Uses, preparation of benzophenone – Properties. Name reactions; Clemmenson reduction, Wolff – Kishner reduction, Cannizaro reaction, Claisen Schmidt reaction, Benzoin Condensation, Aldol Condensation. Preparation and applications of Grignard reagents.
Carboxylic Acids and their derivatives:
Nomenclature – Preparation of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids – formic acid – Properties – Uses. Monohydroxy mono carboxylic acids; Lactic acid – synthesis of lactic acid. Aliphatic dicarboxylic acids; Preparation of oxalic and succinic acid. Aromatic acids; Benzoic acid and Salicylic acid – Properties – uses. Derivatives of carboxylic acids; acetyl chloride (CH3COCl) – Preparation – Properties – Uses. Preparation of acetamide, Properties –acetic anhydride – preparation, properties. Preparation of esters – methyl acetate – Properties.
Organic Nitrogen Compounds:
Aliphatic Nitro compounds – Preparation of aliphatic nitroalkanes – Properties of aliphatic nitroalkanes – Properties- Uses Aromatic nitro compounds –Preparation – Properties – Uses. Distinction between aliphatic and aromatic nitro compounds. Amines; aliphatic amines – General methods of preparation – Properties – Distinction between 1°, 2° and 3° amines. Aromatic amines- Synthesis of benzyl amine – Properties, Aniline – Preparation – Properties – Uses. Distinction between aliphatic and aromatic amines. Aliphatic nitriles – Preparation – properties – Uses. Diazonium salts – Preparation of benzene diazoniumchloride – Properties.
Biomolecules:
Carbohydrates – distinction between sugars and non sugars, structural and formulae of glucose, fructose and sucrose, with their linkages, invert sugar – definition and examples of polysaccharides, amino acids, peptides.
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